Telephone system



June 6, 1933. w. HATTON ET AL TELEPHONE SYSTEM Filed 001;. 23, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 TI :IF w H n4 HATTON INVENTORS E J. ROUSSEAU By 5. 7. WARMOES ATTORNEV June 6, 1933. w. HATTON ET AL ,9 0

TELEPHONE SYSTEM Filed Oct. 23, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 W HA7 TON INVENTORS E J ROUSSEAU G. 7; WARMOES ATTORNEY June 6, 1933. w. HATTON ET AL 3 TELEPHONE SYSTEM Filed Oct. 23, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 W HATTON INVENTORS 5 J ROUSSEAU 6. Z MRMOES Patented June 6, 1933 UNETED STATES PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM: HATTON, ERNEST J. ROUSSEAU, AND GUSTAVE T. WARMOES, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSwIGEl'ORS T 3 WESTERN ELECTRIC GGMPA'NY, EIC-ORPORATED, OF NEW YGRK, ll'. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK TELEPHONE SYSTEM Application filed October 23, 1831, Serial No. 570,522, and in France December 19, 1 930.

This invention relates to telephone systems and more particularly to a circuit arrangement for dealing with faults or alarms which may occur in such systems.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved arrangement for transmitting alarm signals and is to provide better facilities for indicat' at one point in a telephone network the presence of a fault at a distant point in such a network.

According to one feature of the invention a circuit arrangement is provided in which the presence of a fault is adapted to be signaled over an outgoing junction by means of impuscs, a different number of impuses being transmitted according to the particular type of fault which is present.

A circuit arrangement may also be provided for indicating at an attended exchange a fault which is present at an unattended exchange, the receiving mechanism at the incoming exchange being so designed as to discriminate between different types of faults or between a fault and an ordinary call. The receiving mechanism may be an ranged to indicate a fault or to transmit a corresponding signal to a further exchange in the network.

The circuit arrangement may be so designed as to indicate at an attended exchange the presence of a fault at an unattended exchange, the recording mechanism at the attended exchange being so arranged as to indicate the particular exchange in which such fault has occurred, provision also being made for indicating the type of fault which is present.

According to the preferred form of the invention, each exchange in which a fault may occur is connected to a center exchange by a separate junction, and a single junction, over which alarm signals for all the exchanges are transmitted, connects the center exchange to a main exchange. The identity of an exchange in which a fault occurs is recorded at the center exchange by a selector switch and a similar switch is provided at the main exchange which moves in synchronism with the switch at the cenfrom Fig. l and also for indicating at the main exchange the particular exchange or district in which the fault has occurred.

Referring first to Fig. 1, the operation of the circuit for giving an alarm, and indicating the class of fault Will first be described.

Any kind of alarm may be provided for, and these may be divided into the urgent and the non-urgent variety as desired. The most common types of alarms are circuit fuse alarm. voltage alarm, motor failure alarm, main fuse alarm, and ringing alarm and of these the first two are generally classed as being non-urgent and the last three as being urgent.

The apparatus for giving non-urgent alarms comprises relay Pr and contacts GFA and VA controlled by the circuit fuse alarm and the voltage alarm respectively.

The apparatus for giving urgent alarms is connected to the winding of relay Ir.

If the motor should be out of order, thermostatic relay Sh operates after a time interval, via lead MS thereby operating S70 which locks and connects ground to the winding of Ir. A similar operation takes place when a shaft failure alarm occurs. Relays Mf and Ba operate in case of main fuse and ringing failure respectively and in either case I?" operates.

In all cases of alarms a circuit Will be completed for relay A either over prl or irQ. The windings of relay B, which controls the circuit for relay H, are connected via a2, a3 the incoming the outgoing junction circuits respectively of the both way junction so that if the junction is busy in either direction B will operate when A pulls up and prevent relay H energizing.

W'hen the junction is free H will energize via a1, 61, A junction to center is now connected to the alarm circuit.

Relay H opens the outgoing unction; test battery is now connected to the a wire of the junction via 712 and ground is connected to the 1) wire via [15, ail and owl, and k8, to operate the bridged line relay Jb in the fault circuit at the incoming end of the junction.

hen the junction is taken into use for a normal call, the junction is looped and the fault line relay will not operate.

Relay A0 is operated over (21.53, aZQ, and IL5. A circuit is now closed for relay Az' over (502 and k5.

Relay Az' energizes slowly and when operated, opens the ground on the 3) wire at contact 1, thereby sending an impulse to the next exchange. Relay Az' at its contact 3 also opens the circuit for relay A0 which deenergizes slowly and after release connects again ground to the 5 wire.

If the alarm is non-urgent then relay Ir will not have been operated and relay A71 is therefore locked via z'rl, (r52, aZ2, 7L5. A thermostat Th is operated via (1Z2, 7L5 after a time interval and energizes relay AZ, thereby releasing A2 and opening the initial energizing circuit of A0. Relay AZ locks up until the fault is cleared preventing any further impulsing and disconnecting the thermostat.

If the alarm is urgent, relay Ir will be operated and relay Az' will release when its operating circuit is opened at (L02.

Vith Ac back, relay Ac will reoperate and the same cycle is repeated giving one impulse ateach operation of Ai.

The cycle is repeated until relay AZ is operated by the thermostat and locks disconnecting AZ and A0 at (112.

When the fault is cleared, the alarm apparatus returns to normal, releasing relays A and H and AZ.

Referring now to Figs. 2 and 3, a circuit is shown for signaling urgent and non-urgent alarms from the circuit shown in Fig. 1 via a center exchange (Fig. 2) to a main exchange (Fig. 3) and for indicating in the main exchange the particular outgoing exchange in which the fault is present.

It is to be understood that in Fig. 2 the switch Csm together with relays St, Sr SW2, T, F, F0 and B is common to all junctions incoming from the district exchanges, while relays S, O, C, J5, J1", E and A0 are individual to each incoming junction. One incoming junction is represented by the leads a, 6.

hen a fault occurs in a district exchange, an alarm impulse will be sent out from a circuit associated with the districtexchange,

, such as that shown in F i 1 over the a,

and 1) wires thereby :3

which operates J 1 over jbl. When the alarm impulse is completed relay J7) falls back and removes the short circuit from the left hand winding of relay A0 which thereupon operates from battery two windings of A0, 02, jrl. The operation of A0 closes the circuit of B; battery, windings of B, 4103, (Z04, ground. Relay B operates if the junction is free, the relay being short circuited to ground on 061 if the junction is busy, since under the latter condition C?) will be operated.

When B operates, it closes a circuit for S25 over $1 and fo connects the a wire of Fig. 3 to ground over 64, and act and connects the 6 wire over 53, (102, f02, 254, interrupter of the selector Csm to battery.

Relay St in operating, closes a circuit for the magnet Cam; ground INT, 5152, $1, brush 6, Cam to battery.

As soon as Csm arrives opposite the terminals corresponding to the district exchange in which the fault originated relays C, T operate; ground, winding of T, brush G, (101, winding of C, battery. Relay T is arranged to be of a quicker operation than C. The two relays lock up, T over 253, wiper a and, 8251, and C via 01, e3, jrl.

Relay S's, which responds to the impulses created in the fundamental circuit by the stepping of Cam at its interrupter contacts, closes successively its back and front contacts.

The slow releasing relay Lb operates in response to the operation of relay S8 and this relay in turn operates relay Ct. Relay Ct closes the circuit of the selector Msm, battery, Mam, winding of I, 061, cf2, S81, ground.

Relay Lb holds Ct during the pulsing and the selector Mam completes its stepping when 851 opens at the end of the series.

Relay I is held operated during pulsing and releases at the end of the series of impulses, that is to say, when relay T, Fig. 2, operates.

The release of relay I indicates that C's-m in Fig. 2 has found the exchange which has created the alarm and since Mam operates in synchronism with Csm it is found in the same position.

Relay I on releasing closes a circuit for relay R and the In relay corresponding to the district of the alarm, ground, 2'1, 062, R, oltl, brush Z), 001, In, batt ry, relay R locks over 1 1, 064.

The particular In relay to be operated will depend upon the position to which the M8112, switch is set which in turn will depend on the particular exchange having a fault.

The selector Mam now moves into position 8; battery, Mam, winding of I, 061, T2, brush a INT, ground, relay T, Fig. 2, causes Cam to move to position 8, also under its own interrupter, and at the same time it connects relay F in the fundamental circuit, over $5, 702,

operating relay J b 002, 63.

In position 8, Gem is operated over fl and brush 6. When Msm reaches position 8 it operates Of over brush a. The fundamental circuit is opened at ofl, thereby causing the release of F, Fig. 2, which opens the circuit of Cam, now steps to position 9 and in leaving 8 opens the circuit of slow releasing relay S1 which was operated in position 8. The circuit of relay T is also broken when Cam leaves position 8 and at a transfers the lead 6 of the fundamental circuit from relay F to he interrupter of (ls-m, as before.

As has been stated above, the relay Of opens the-fundamental circuit in order to signal that Mam is ready to receive an alarm signal for urgent or non-urgent faults.

The momentary opening of the fundamental circuit by relays Of and Cl causes the relay S8 to fall back and operate Mam. After the closure of the fundamental circuit, relay S5 is again operated and Msm completes its ninth step. Both selectors are now in posiion 9.

Relay 0, Fig. 2, now operates; battery, winding of G, 02 brush a, stl, ground.

In position 8, relay S rl, Fig. 2, operated via brush c in series with the lower winding 1. assuming that the fault which has created the alarm is of the nonurgent variety, no

ew impulse will be produced in the funda mental circuit leading from Fig. l to the center exchange and in consequence relay 59 in releasing slowly, .closes $1 32 thereby energizing F0. Contacts f02 open the Z) lead to the main exchange and fo releases St while fol operates relay E via 03. The opening of the 6 wire causes the release of relay S8 in Fig. 3 which in its turn releases relay Lb, so that Msm returns home via 066, brush 0, and INT.

V ith relay C2, released the circuit of relay P0 will be open at he moment when ills m passes to position 10. The relay In which was operated in series with relay R has locked up via m1, RH, P to earth, contacts are connected to the lamps L1, L2, L3, etc. Thus the particular In relay operated will operate one of the lamps which will indicate the exchange in which the fault is present, a separate lamp being provided for each exchange.

If the fault which has occurred is of the urgent variety a series of impulses are produced in the fundamental circuit between Fig. l and the center exchange Fig. 2 which continues after the switch Csm has reached position 9 in response to the first impulse.

Relay S responds to the first of these impulses after Csm is in position 9 and steps Csm via brush 6, 01, and 81. S in deenergizing also closes a circuit for the slow relay Sr via S and 02.

Csm therefore advances to position 10 when E operates via 03, brush a, and 8251.

In passing from position 9 to 10.08111, opens the fundamental circuit at its interrupter contacts thereby causing a momentary deenergization of relay S8, Fig. 3, which drives Msm into position 10. In this position, the circuit of F0 in Fig. 2 will be completed to drive Msm home but in the meantime relay P0 will have operated; battery P0 ho?) brush 6, R, 062, it to ground. By the time Lb falls back to release Ct, in response to the operation of F0, relay P0 will have locked up over its contact 3 to ground 011 RK, in parallel with the parti ular In relay which has operated.

Owing to the fact that relay P0 is energized, the lamp which was connected up by the In relay is now connected to the interrupter IN '1 2 and the selected lamp instead of glowing continuously is caused to flash, thereby indicating that the fault is urgent, Relay Ct will have released when F0 operated, after the switches moved into position 10, and over 065 and 122 a circuit is closed for relays O0 and H0 in parallel, and these relays lock up over hol and the key IlK to ground, and transfer the lead coming from the are 6 of Msm, from relay In to the corresponding relay InZ. When a new alarm occurs everything takes place as described above except that the relay InZ is actuated in place of relay In.

The operation of any one of the In relays will complete a circuit for relay Oh, from 0Z5, via M 5.

If therefore an alarm should occur in a third district exchange, when the selector lvIsm arrives opposite the terminals corresponding tothe district which creates this alarm relay R will find its circuit open at contact 0.51. In thisposition relay O0 is energized from battery, winding of 0a, 0722, r3, brush a of SM to ground. Relay 0a operates a special alarm OAL indicating that a third alarm is present, but cannot be recorded through lack of recording apparatus.

Due to the fact that relay R is not operated the restoring circuit of selector Msm remains open and in consequence there will be no momentary opening of the fundamental circuit indicating to the center in Fig. 2 that it can send the signal giving the source of an alarm. In order to record this third fault it is merely necessary to open the key RK momentarily thereby releasing the two fault indications already recorded.

The third fault can now be received in the same manner as previously described.

In the embodimient shown in the drawings the faults at the different district exchanges, which will be connected as Fig. 1 to the center at Fig. 2, are communicated to the main exchange Fig. 3 over a common junction.

It is obvious however that if desired a plurality of junctions might be provided between the center and the main exchange and a separate junction might be allotted to each district for the transmission of alarm signals to the main. In this case the particular junction over which the alarm signal is transmitted will give an indication at the main as to the particular district exchange in which the fault has occurred.

In the case of faults at the center exchange, relays in a fault circuit individual to center and corresponding to that shown for an incoming junction, are directly operated for urgent and non-urgent alarms, and the fault indication is repeated in a similar manner to that already described.

It is obvious that means could be provided at the center exchange if desired to respond to the impulse or impulses from the district exchange and to indicate the exchange at which the fault has occurred and/ or the type of fault, without repeating the indication to the main exchange.

hat is claimed is:

1. In a signaling system, fault indicating means, a line, and means for transmitting a different number of impulses over said line responsive to the particular type of fault indication present.

2. In a signaling system, a first and a second exchange, a line connecting said exchanges, fault indicating means at said first exchange, means for transmitting different types of signals from said first exchange in accordance with the type of fault present and means at the second exchange for discriminating between different types of signals to indicate the type of fault present at the first exchange.

3. In a signaling system, two exchanges, fault indicating means at one exchange, a line between said exchanges, means for transmitting a different number of impulses over the line from said one exchange in accordance with the particular type of fault present, and means at the other exchange responsive to said impulses for indicating said different types of faults.

4. In a signaling system, a first, a second and a third exchange, a line connecting said first and second exchanges, a line connecting said second and third exchanges, fault indicating means at said first exchange, means for signaling from said first exchange in accordance with the type of fault present, means at said second exchange for discriminating between different types of signals, means at said second exchange responsive to different types of signals for transmitting corresponding signals over the line to the third exchange, and means at the third exchange for discriminating between different types of signals received to indicate the type of fault present at said first exchange.

5. In a signaling system, a first, a second and a third exchange, a line connecting said first and second exchanges, a line connecting said second and third exchanges, means for signaling from said first exchange over the line to the second exchange in accordance with the type of fault present at said first exchange, means at said second exchange responsive to the signals incoming from said first exchange for transmitting correspond ing signals over the line to the third exchange, and means at said third exchange for detecting said different types of signals and means for visually indicating said different types of signals received at said third exchange.

6. In a signaling system, a plurality of un attended exchanges, an attended exchange, lines between said unattended exchanges and the attended exchange, fault indicating means at said unattended exchanges, means for transmitting different types of signals from said unattended exchanges over the corresponding lines to said attended exchange in accordance with the type of fault present, and means at the attended exchange for indicating the particular unattended exchange in which the fault has occurred, and means for indicating the type of fault present.

7. In a signaling system, a plurality of first exchanges, a second exchange and a third exchange, lines between said first exchanges and the second exchange, a line between the second exchange and the third exchange, fault indicating means at said first exchanges, means for signaling from any of said first exchanges over the corresponding lines to the second exchange in accordance with the type of fault present at said first exchanges, and means responsive to the signals incoming to the second exchange for transmitting corresponding signals to the third exchange and means at said third exchange responsive to the signals incoming to said exchange for identifying any of the first mentioned exchanges signaling to the second exchange and for discriminating between the different types of signals to indicate the type of the fault present at any of said first exchanges.

8. In a signaling system, a plurality of first exchanges, a second exchange and a third exchange, lines connecting said first exchanges to said second exchange, a line connecting said second exchange to said third exchange, fault indicating means at said first exchanges and means for signaling from said first exchanges in accordance with the type of faults present, a step-by-step switch in the second exchange, a step-by-step switch in the third exchange, means for operating said switches in synchronism in response to signals incoming from any of said first exchanges, means at said third exchange opera-- tive in response to the setting of the switches for identifying any of said first exchanges having transmitted signals to the second exchange, and means for discriminating between difierent types of signals at said third exchange to indicate the type of the fault present at the first exchanges having transmitted signals to said second exchange.

In Witness whereof, we hereunto subscribe our names this 8th day of October 1931.

WILLIAM HATTON. ERNEST J. ROUSSEAU. GUSTAVE T. \VARMOES. 

